Abstract: In order to obtain the tension-shear failure mechanism and evolution law of surrounding rock of square roadway,a plane strain square roadway model was established under hydrostatic pressure based on the finite element numerical simulation experiment and the similar material simulation experiment.The development and evolution of tensile-shear failure network of roadway surrounding rock under different buried depths are analyzed contrastively.The results show that the tension-shear failure network of the surrounding rock of the square roadway expands and develops to the surrounding rock of the deep roadway in the form of a rotating square around the axis with the increase of the depth of the roadway,the shear failure is first formed by the four corners of the roadway and develops in the form of shear slip,the tensile fracture develops along the direction of the maximum principal stress of the square roadway.The similar material simulation experiment was carried out on a self-developed biaxial loading test bench.It is found that the shear slip failure first occurs in the four corners of the directional square roadway,roof caving,floor heave and two sides spalling appear in the surrounding rock,and shear failure occurs in the deep surrounding rock and gradually develops through the surrounding rock with the increase of depth of the roadway.Through the comparison between the similar material simulation experiment and the numerical simulation experiment,it is found that the failure form and the plastic zone shape of the surrounding rock are basically consistent,and accordingly,the conceptual model of the tension-shear failure network shape development rule of the surrounding rock of the square roadway is proposed,which provides a theoretical basis for the realization of directional roadway support method of the square roadway of practical engineering.