Abstract: A case study was performed at the Chengjiao Coal Mine in Henan Province to investigate the stress field,displacement field,evolution of loosen zone,as well as the asymmetric deformation failure mechanism of both supported and unsupported roadway surrounding rock mass with the weak interlayer located at different positions of roadway roof and floor. Physical modeling was carried out to simulate the whole process of the structural instability of deep roadway surrounding rock mass. Ultrasonic and digital photography were adoipted in the field to evaluate the loosen zone in the surrounding rock masses. Some conclusions was drawn after defining the mutation location of the ultrasonic velocity as the boundary value of the broken rock zone. For the unsupported roadway,the maximum thickness of the loosen zone of the surrounding rock mass was located at the top-side and bottom for the weak interlayer located at roof and floor,respectively. For the supported roadway,the thickness of the loosen zone at the top-side and bottom was decreased by 9.09%~50.00% and 12.00%~75.00%,respectively,and the corresponding stress release rate for the roof and floor was decreased by 40%~60% and 35%~60%,respectively. For the roadway with no support,the surrounding rock mass exhibited the characteristics of asymmetric deformation and failure.Although the conventional symmetric support can improve the whole stiffness and strength of the surrounding rock and make the shape of the loosen zone tend to be uniform,the characteristics of asymmetric deformation and failure of the roadway was still significant. A new idea of a local asymmetric support scheme of the deep-buried roadway passing through the weak interlayer was put forward to achieve a full section of equal strength coordinated support of the roadway. The industrial test with the new support scheme was carried out,with a good application effect.