Abstract: Filling material is an important factor to guarantee filling effect and control filling cost.This paper summarizes the basic types of solid backfilling materials and their physical and mechanical properties.The effect mechanism of solid backfilling material on rock formation control is expounded.Based on the requirements of backfill mining engineering,such as "coal mining under structures,railways and water-bodies",mining under hard roof,room coal pillar recovery and gangue treatment,five evaluation indexes are designed corresponding to building deformation,development range of water-conducting fracture zone,energy release of hard roof,stability of room coal pillar and gangue treatment amount.The selection and design process of filling materials for solid filling mining was established.With engineering requirements as the target and the filling rate of the filling body as the connecting core,the selection of solid filling materials was guided.The filling mass ratio and actual filling rate of filling materials were measured,and the filling rate was monitored and adjusted by feedback,forming the selection and design method of filling materials for solid filling mining.The engineering practice results of F5001 working face under a building in Tangshan mine show that by designing 2.5-50 mm gangue as filling material,the maximum settlement is 61 mm,which protects the surface building and achieves a good filling effect.The study can provide a reference for the design of mine filling material selection.