Abstract: To further explore the multi-parameter response characteristics and synergistic evolution laws of roadway surrounding rock impact failure during deep coal mining and solve the industrial challenges in analyzing the disaster-causing laws and realizing precise early warning of rock bursts, unidirectional stress disturbance similarity simulation tests are conducted under deep in-situ stress levels corresponding to 800m by virtue of a self-developed multifunctional physical simulation test system for deep coal-rock rock bursts. Multiple source parameters including stress, acoustic emission, electromagnetic radiation and infrared radiation are monitored synchronously and accurately, and the dynamic behavior of roadway surrounding rock under impact failure and the dynamic response characteristics of each parameter are analyzed systematically. A mechanical-acoustic-electrical-thermal multi-parameter synergistic evaluation model is established based on principal component analysis. In the research process, linear function normalization is applied to the test data to eliminate the influence of dimension and realize information fusion of multiple parameters under a unified scale, and then polynomial functions and rational functions are adopted to complete the quantitative characterization of the normalized data. The results show that the characteristics including the nonlinear sharp increase in acoustic emission count peak and cumulative count, the synchronous abrupt rise in electromagnetic radiation amplitude and energy, and the fluctuating increase in infrared radiation temperature are highly consistent with the macroscopic failure processes of surrounding rock in the quiet stage, particle ejection stage, block spalling stage and comprehensive failure stage, which verifies the feasibility of mechanical-acoustic-electrical-thermal multi-parameter fusion analysis. The curve of the constructed comprehensive synergistic evaluation model presents a significant nonlinear growth trend in the later stage of surrounding rock failure, which can effectively reflect the suddenness of roadway surrounding rock impact failure and the characteristic of sharp release of energy parameters, and accurately quantify the multi-source information during the impact failure process. This research reveals the internal mechanism of "stress accumulation-energy release-instability failure" for deep roadway impact failure, provides important theoretical reference and technical support for multi-parameter monitoring, characteristic identification and precise early warning of rock bursts in deep roadways, and also offers a reliable physical simulation test method for the study on the disaster-causing laws of deep rock bursts.