Abstract: To visualize and quantify the entire process of gas-bearing coal and rock damage catastrophe, a coal-rock gas-solid coupling damage catastrophe visualization and observation test system centered around a gas-solid coupling visualization confining pressure chamber has been developed. Integrated with gas pressure control, axial pressure loading, three-dimensional visualization of acoustic emission localization, thermal infrared acquisition, and DIC digital image acquisition systems, the system enables dual-band (infrared and visible light) visualized monitoring of coal-rock damage catastrophes under gas-solid coupling conditions. A gas - enclosed pressure environment is created using methane and other gases, which can be used to conduct mechanical response tests like rapid pressure unloading. With this system, visual observation tests were carried out on coal samples that experienced loading failure and post - peak instantaneous confining pressure unloading under various gas confining pressures. The results indicated that both the acoustic emission amplitude and the maximum infrared temperature increased abruptly before and after slight fluctuations in the stress curve. Significant correlations were observed among the original infrared thermal images, differential infrared thermal images, stress, and acoustic emission amplitude signals. The instantaneous unloading visual observation experiment effectively simulated and reproduced the complete process of coal damage, degradation, and instability caused by the instantaneous drop in gas pressure during coal seam exposure in the field. The development of this system provides new testing methodologies and technical support. It enables in-depth investigation of the entire damage catastrophe process in gas-containing coal rock under gas-solid coupling conditions, including visualization and joint monitoring with multi-parameter sensing such as acoustic, thermal, and stress signals for early warning.