Abstract: Coal is food of China’s industry,with processing of ‘structure adjusting and model change’ and energy conservation and emission reduction,it has raised questions about the future of coal industry,under influence of China’s economic growth rate and mode change,market competition of oil and nature gas,and application of smart power grids and large scale energy storage battery technology and other renewable,green energy,so coal industry should facing server challenges,and then green and sustainable coal usage model must be proposed.To the characters of‘coal rich and oil poor’of China’s energy,with rapid expansion of low carbon,coal deep processing and carbon capture and storage, it is concluded that in the future,coal will gradually change into a new dominant green energy during China’s social and economic development.