Abstract: Rock burst appear characters were analyzed under practical example，the main reasons of rock burst happened were analyzed from two sides as surrounding rock stress distribution and elastic energy relation，and then corresponding prevention methods were put forward.The results showed that the degree of horizontal stress concentration was high in roof and floor of roadway as roof and floor coal were layout after thick seam was driving in deep，floor coal was high specially，its factor reached 1.6，the elastic energy of coal and rock mass in position of 2m in floor coal appeared as accumulated firstly and then relaxed，it was an importance and potential rock burst hazard source，when stability formed after driving，the elastic energy of roof，floor and head-on were high.Then the preventive measures as without floor coal or floor coal thickness less than 2m were put forward，unloading and supporting time and space coupling measures for rock burst prevention was put forward under surrounding rock elastic energy evaluation law.